Effect of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba on Neuroinflammation and RhoA/ROCK2 Signaling Pathway in Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba on dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease mouse model with the syndrome of ascendant hyperactivity of liver Yang. MethodThe C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into normal group， a model group， low-， medium， and high-dose （3.25， 6.5， 13 g·kg-1） Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba groups， and a selegiline group （0.01 g·kg-1）. The mouse model of Parkinson's disease with the syndrome of ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang was established by intragastric administration of Fuzitang combined with intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1，2，3，6-tetrahydropyridine （MPTP）. The behavioral changes were evaluated by rotarod test and pole test. The protein levels of Ras homolog gene family member A （RhoA）， Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 （ROCK2）， myosin light chain 1 （MLC1）， and α-synuclein in the substantia nigra were determined by Western blot. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of RhoA， ROCK2， and MLC1 in the substantia nigra. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β）. The ultrastructural changes of mouse neurons were observed under a transmission electron microscope. ResultCompared with the normal group， the modeling shortened the latency to fall， increased the average total time in the pole test （P<0.01）， and up-regulated the levels of RhoA， ROCK2， MLC1， TNF-α， α-synuclein， and IL-1β in the substantia nigra （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， different doses of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba and selegiline prolonged the latency to fall， shortened the average total time in the pole test （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and down-regulated the levels of ROCK2， MLC1， α-synuclein， TNF-α， and IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05）. Further， the modeling decreased the number of cytoplasmic organelles and caused mitochondrial swelling and abnormal shape of endoplasmic reticulum compared with the normal group. The neurons in high-dose Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba and selegiline groups showed intact nuclei， clear cell boundary， and normal endoplasmic reticulum shape. ConclusionThe combination of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix and Paeoniae Radix Alba may improve the motor coordination ability of Parkinson's disease mouse model with the syndrome of ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang by inhibiting the neuroinflammation mediated by the RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway in the brain.

Effects of Achyranthis bidentatae -Cynanchum otophyllum on oxidative stress of cerebral tissue in Parkinson ’s disease mice with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver -Yang / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of Achyranthis b identatae-Cynanchum otophyllum as core couplet medicinals of Zhengan xifeng decoction on oxidative stress of cerebral tissue in Parkinson ’s disease （PD）mice with syndrome of hyperactivity of liver-Yang. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group ，model group ，Zhengan xifeng decoction group，A. bidntatae group，C. otophyllum group and couplet medicinals of A. bidentatae-C. otophyllum group，with 10 mice in each group. PD model of hyperactivity of liver -Yang was established by intragastric administration of Aconitum carmichaelii decoction（4 g/kg） and intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1，2，3，6-tetrahydropyridine （25 mg/kg）. The behavioral changes and ultrastructure of substantia nigra neurons in mice were observed . The expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase （TH）positive neurons in substantia nigra were detected . The expressions of total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC），superoxide dismutase （SOD） and malondialdehyde（MDA）in substantia nigra as well as mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor -erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2），thioredoxin reductase 1（Trxr1），thioredoxin interacting protein （Txnip）were also determined . RESULTS Compared with model group ，PD behavior and ultrastructure of substantia nigra neurons were all improved in administration groups . The expressions of TH positive neurons ，T-AOC（except for C.otophyllum group）and SOD （except for C.otophyllum group），mRNA relative expression and protein expression levels of Nrf 2 and Trxr 1 were all increased significantly ；the expression of MDA （except for C.otophyllum group）and mRNA relative expression and protein expression levels of Txnip were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Intervention effect of couplet medicinals of A. bidentatae-C. otophyllum group was better than that of A.bidntatae group and C. otophyllum group（P＜ 0.05），and the effect was similar to that of decoction group （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The couplet medicinals of A. bidentatae-C. otophyllum can inhibit the level of oxidative stress in the cerebral tissue of PD mice with hyperactivity of liver -Yang by targeting Nrf 2，and play a protective role on the brain neurons . Its effect is better than that of A.bidntatae and C.otophyllum，and it plays the same role as that of the formula in tonifying the kidney ，softening the liver and suppressing the Yang .

Evaluation system for promoting learning based on the phased examination of medical practitioners and its effect evaluation / 中华医学教育探索杂志

We strive to explore a student-centered evaluation system focused on improving students' learning efficiency and learning effect. Through classroom questioning, discussion of difficult cases, new progress report, question bank test, writing of clerkship notes, simulated inquiry between students with bedside inquiry, physical examination between students with bedside physical examination, operation training of basic clinical skills, direct observation and evaluation of clinical skills, mini-clinical exercise evaluation, graduation examination and other measures, an evaluation system for promoting learning by class evaluation, clerkship evaluation and practice evaluation has been established to cultivate the connotation construction of medical moral quality and clinical practice ability of medical students, and further promote the mastery of basic theoretical knowledge and clinical operation skills. By comparing the results of the phased examination for medical practitioners, the passing rate of 2018 is significantly higher than that of 2017, with 23.31% increased passing rate of theoretical results, and 0.79% increased passing rate of skills operation results. It can be seen that the evaluation system for promoting learning has played a guiding role in the teaching practice of clinical courses in our hospital.

Construction and characterization of △sseK2 mutant strain of Salmonella typhimurium SL1344 / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To analyze the biological characteristics of a mutant strain of Salmonella ty-phimurium SL1344 with sseK2-deletion (SL1344△sseK2) in order to provide reference for further study of safe and effective live vaccines. Methods The mutant strain SL1344△sseK2 with a deletion of 1047 bp in sseK2 gene was constructed through a two-step allelic exchange using recombinant suicide plasmid. Its com-plemented strain, SL1344C△sseK2, was also constructed. Biological and immunological characteristics of the mutant strain were detected. Results PCR, double-enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis showed that the mutant strain SL1344△sseK2 and the complemented strain SL1344C△sseK2 were successfully con-structed. The serotype of the mutant strain was 1,4,[5],12:i:1,2, identical to the parent strain SL1344. In addition, the mutant strain showed no significant change in biochemical characteristics or growth rate and was genetically stable in vitro. Compared with the parent strain SL1344, the virulence of SL1344△sseK2 was attenuated in BALB/ c mice. The median lethal dose of SL1344△sseK2 for 6-week-old BALB/ c mice was 3. 44×108 colony-forming units (CFU), which was 1620 times lower than that of SL1344. Oral immuniza-tion with SL1344△sseK2 protected 62. 5％ of the mice against challenge with wild Salmonella typhimurium strains on 17 d after vaccination. The levels of serum IgG antibody peaked on 14 d after immunization. No significant difference in biological characteristics was observed between the complemented and the parent strains, indicating that the mutant strain was basically complemented to the wild-type strain.Conclusions The mutant strain SL1344△sseK2 was constructed successfully and genetically stable with sig-nificantly attenuated virulence and good immunogenicity. This study suggested that sseK2 gene played an im-portant role in regulating the virulence of SL1344, which might provide reference for further study of its func-tion and for assessing its potential as a candidate live attenuated vaccine.

Ovarian cancer cells promote glycolysis metabolism of peripheral CD4 + T cells / 临床检验杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of ovarian cancer cells on the glycolysis metabolism and functions of peripheral CD4 + T cells. @*Methods@#We established a coculture system of human CD4 + T cells with ovarian cancer cell SKOV3, and the mRNA expression levels of 8 glycolysis-related genes (mTORC1, HIF1α, GLUT1, GPI, ENO1, PKM2, LDHα and PDK1) in cocultured CD4 + T cells were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The levels of glucose uptake and glycolysis were detected by colorimetry. The proportion of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T cells was tested by flow cytometry. The proliferation levels of CD4 + T cells were measured by tritium incorporation method. The expression levels of 8 glycolysis-related genes in peripheral CD4 + T cells were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in 10 ovarian cancer (OC) patients, 10 benign ovarian tumor (BOT) patients and 10 healthy control (HC). @*Results@#Results: Compared with the CD4 + T cells in single culture without SKOV3, the expression levels of 8 glycolysis-related genes in CD4 + T cells cocultured with SKOV3 were elevated (all P＜0.01). The levels of glucose uptake and glycolysis were increased (P＜0.05). The proportion of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + T cells was up-regulated (P＜0.05) and the proliferation levels of CD4 + T cells were decreased (P＜0.05). Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of all the glycolysis-related genes were increased (all P＜0.05) in the peripheral CD4 + T cells of OC patients compared with BOT patients and HC. @*Conclusion@#Ovarian cancer cells could promote the glycolysis metabolism of CD4 + T cells, which may be relevant to its differentiation and functions.

Effect of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist on alcohol reward in juvenile mice / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To examine the effect of NK1 receptor ( NK1R) antagonist L-703,606 on ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and levels of NK1R protein in different brain regions in juvenile mice. Methods Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into high anxiety group and low anxiety group according to the percentage of time spent in open arms of elevated plus maze(EPM). Then the mice in the two groups were divided into control group and experimental group according to random number table,which were high anxiety control group,high anxiety experimental group,low anxiety control group and low anxiety experimental group,with 11 in each group. L-703,606 was injected intraperitoneally 40 minutes before CPP training in the high and low anxiety experimental group,while the control group received solvent treatment. After CPP test,the anxiety level of four groups of mice was detected by EPM again. The expres-sion of NK1R protein in hippocampus,prefrontal lobe and amygdala of mice was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the high anxiety control group, the CPP value of the high anxiety experimental group was lower,and the difference was statistically significant ((77. 7 ± 9. 3) s vs (13. 6 ± 13. 0) s,P=0. 002). Compared with the low anxiety control group,the CPP value of the low anxiety experimental group was lower,and the difference was statistically significant ((113. 2±10. 3)s vs (28. 0±9. 6)s,P<0. 01). Af-ter L-703,606 treatment,there was no significant difference in the percentage of open arm time between the control group and experimental group either in high anxiety group or in low anxiety group (both P>0. 05) . Compared with the high anxiety control group,the expression of NK1R increased in hippocampus,prefrontal lobe and amygdala of mice in high anxiety experimental group (all P<0. 05). And the expression of NK1R in the above three brain regions had the same result between the low anxiety control group and the low anxiety experimental group (all P<0. 05). Conclusions L-703,606 can attenuate ethanol-induced CPP but has no effect on anxiety-like behaviors,suggesting the direct effect of NK1R in alcohol reward in juvenile mice.

The effect of adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure on ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and anxiety-like behavior in adolescent mice / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To examine the effect of adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure (AIE) on ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and anxiety-like behavior in adolescent mice. Methods In experiment 1, adolescent male C57BL/6 mice at 4 weeks of age were randomly divided into AIE group and NS group (n=10 for each group). The binge drinking model was established by AIE (3 g/kg, 25%). The alcohol reward was evaluated using the ethanol-induced CPP paradigm (2 g/kg, 20%). In experiment 2, the anxiety-like behavior of adolescent male C57BL/6 mice were assessed using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, and the animals were then allocated into high-anxiety mouse (HAM) and low-anxiety mouse (LAM) groups based on the percentage of open arm time (OT%). HAM and LAM were randomly divided into AIE group and NS group (n=8～10 for each group) with random number method, respectively. Then, anxiety-like behavior in four groups was measured again using the EPM test. Results In experiment 1. Ethanol preference (116.1± 12.9)s vs. (70.8±14.8)s, P=0.035) was significantly higher in AIE group relative to NS group. However, In experiment 2. The alteration in anxiety-like behaviors was not significant in either HAM-AIE or LAM-AIE groups (all P＞0.05). Conclusions AIE reinforces ethanol-induced CPP but does not affect the anxiety-like behavior in adolescent mice, suggesting that AIE may not play a role in anxiety-like behavior.

The effects of platelet-rich fibrin extract on MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the titanium discs / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the effect of platelet-rich fibrin extract (PRFe) on the adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the titanium discs.@*Methods@#Samples were divided into experimental group (P) and control group (D). Group P used the α-minimal essential medium (α-MEM) containing PRFe (0.5%), while group D used only the α-MEM. Cell adhesion and cytoskeleton were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay to detect the number of the osteoblasts at 1, 3, 5, 7 d; the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to detect the differentiation of osteoblast at 1, 3, 5, 7 d; the level of osteogenetic biomarkers core-binding factorα1 (cbfα1) and osteocalcin (OCN) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) at 3 and 7 d.@*Results@#SEM and LSCM showed that the adhesion and filaments of group P were higher than those of group D at each time point. MTT assay showed that the absorbance were significantly increased in group P (1 d: 0.299±0.002, 3 d: 0.517±0.004, 5 d: 0.810±0.002, 7 d: 1.203±0.011) compared with group D (1 d: 0.198±0.003, 3 d: 0.399±0.002, 5 d: 0.588±0.002, 7 d: 0.897±0.005) at each time points (P<0.05). Furthermore, the ALP activity of group P (1 d: 0.162±0.004, 3 d: 0.289±0.001, 5 d: 0.491±0.006, 7 d: 0.647±0.005) was significantly higher than that of group D (1 d: 0.121±0.003, 3 d: 0.191± 0.006, 5 d: 0.252±0.004, 7 d: 0.365±0.012), (P<0.05). Moreover, the qRT-PCR showed that the Cbfα1 and OCN gene expression in group P (Cfbα1, 3 d: 1.50±0.04, 7 d: 1.94±0.06; OCN, 3 d: 3.37±0.17, 7 d: 3.92± 0.04) were significantly higher than that in group D(Cfbα1, 3 d: 1, 7 d: 1.18±0.13; OCN, 3 d: 1, 7 d: 2.34± 0.09) (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#PRFe promoted the adhension, proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the titanium discs.

The evaluating value of hippocampal subfield's T2 signal intensity before and after the treatment for mild cognitive impairment / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the value of the hippocampal subfield's MRI T2 signal intensity in evaluating the effect of the hydrochloric donepezil for mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods 20 MCI patients with hydrochloric donepezil (treatment group) and 20 patients with placebo (control group) were scanned by MRI using FSE-T2 sequence.The margin of hippocampal subfields was outlined manually for each side to measure the MRI T2 signal intensity.The relationship between hippocampal MRI T2 signal intensity and MMSE scores was analyzed in the treatment group.Results Before the treatment, there was no significant difference of the MRI T2 signal intensity between groups.After the treatment, the MRI T2 signal intensity in the bilateral head of the treatment group was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P<0.05).There was an inverse relationship between the MRI T2 signal intensity of the bilateral hippocampal head and MMSE scores in the treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion The MRI T2 signal intensity in the bilateral hippocampal head could be regarded as a valuable marker in making clinical diagnosis and evaluating the effect of the treatment for MCI in its early stage.

Albumin-based SPECT/Photoacoustic Dual-modality Nanoprobe in Liver Imaging / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose Liver fibrosis,liver cirrhosis and liver cancerseriously threaten human health.To detect liver diseases by specific nanoprobes,and to provide reference for the formulation of treatment strategies.Materials and Methods In this study,bovine serum albumin was used as a skeleton and modified with galactose groups for targeting asialoglycoproteinreceptors on liver.The albumin was labeled with radioactive iodine by chloramines T method,and indocyanine green molecules was encapsulated to form liver-targeting nanoparticles.Physical and chemical characterization (particle size and spectral characterization),bio-distribution,SPECT imaging and photoacoustic imaging were carried out respectively.Results The size of the nanoparticles was about 86.4 nm and there were two obvious absorption peaks at 705 nm and 780 nm.Bio-distribution showed that the radiolabeled nanoparticles had a high distribution in liver at 60 min [(55.52 ± 5.39)％ID/g],while after the receptor was inhibited,the uptake in liver was reduced to (37.01 ± 7.38)％ID/g,indicating a significant inhibitory effect (P＜0.05);the uptake of this material at 240nm still remained (34.22±4.44)％ID/g,while in other organs,the detected uptake was quite low,with a statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).The results of SPECT and photoacoustic imaging were consistent with the data of bio-distribution,and images showed highest signal on liver.Thus,the probe was suitable for liver imaging.Conclusion 131I-labeled albumin nanoparticle is an excellent liver-targeting dual modal imaging probe,which can be used for the detection of liver diseases.

Analysis of gene and drug resistance of ESBL producing bacteria in neonatal feces / 临床儿科杂志

Objectives To explore the route of ESBL producing bacteria in neonatal faeces, and to investigate the gene and drug resistance of ESBL producing bacteria in intestinal tract of neonates. Methods Fecal samples of healthy newborns and their mothers were collected, and bacterial cultures were carried out using selective ESBL medium. The positive strains were identified by Time-of-flight mass spectrometry. ESBL genotyping and resistance gene detection were performed by whole genome sequencing technique. Results In 146 neonatal fecal specimens, the positive rate of ESBL producing bacteria was 8.90％,and the positive rate in the first time stool was 3.23％. Seventy-two hours after birth, the positive rate of fecal ESBL producing bacteria was 13.10％. Among the 13 ESBL producing strains, there were 9 strains of CTX type, 3 strains of TEM type and 1 strain of SHV type. Nine strains of CTX include five types such as CTX-M-24, CTX-M-18, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-42 and CTX-M-15. The positive rate of ESBL producing bacteria was 21.6％ in 167 mothers' fecal specimens. The ESBL genotype included 24 strains of CTX type, 6 strains of TEM type, 4 strains of SHV type and 2 strains of QnrS type. Twenty-four strains of CTX include CTX-M-24, CTX-M-14, CTX-M-18, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-42 and CTX-M-15. There were 2 or 3 ESBL genotypes in 12 maternal and neonatal specimens. It was detected to have 6 types of resistance gene such as aadA5, strA, strB, sul1, sul2 and dfrA17 in 49 strains of ESBL producing bacteria in maternal and neonatal strains. Resistance genes were exactly the same in the neonates as in mothers who were detected to have ESBL producing bacteria. A variety of resistance genes were detected in feces in 7 neonates and 23 mothers. Conclusions The neonates in hospital may be detected to have ESBL produing bacteria in the intestinal tract at the same time as their mothers or separately. However, there are many ways for neonates to have ESBL producing bacteria in intestinal tract. There are many genotypes and resistance genes of ESBL producing bacteria.

Application of Hippocampal Subfield Magnetic Resonance Imaging T2 Signal Intensity for Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To apply the MRI T2 signal intensity of hippocampal subfield in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) as early imageology. Methods From October, 2014 to August, 2015, 20 aMCI patients accepted cognitive training (training group), 20 aMCI patients accepted speech communication (speech group), and 20 age-and gender-matched healthy old people (control group) were scanned with MRI using FSE-T2 sequence. The margin of hippocampal subfields were outlined manually for each side to measure the T2 sig-nal intensity. The correlation between hippocampal T2 signal intensity and the scores of Mini-Mental State Examinatlon (MMSE) was ana-lyzed in the training group. Results Before treatment, T2 signal intensity in the bilateral hippocampal head was significantly high in the aM-CI patients compared with that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, T2 signal intensity in left hippocampal head decreased in the training group compared with that in the speech group (P<0.05), similar to the control group (P>0.05). There was negative correlation be-tween left hippocampal head's T2 signal intensity and the scores of MMSE in the training group before and after treatment (r=-0.61, r=-0.54, P<0.05). Conclusion The T2 signal intensity in left hippocampal head may respond to the cognitive function in patients with aMCI in the early stage, that could be used for diagnosis and evaluation in clinic.

Clinical Observation of Modified Longdan Xiegan Tang in the Treatment of Psoriasis Vulgaris(Blood Heat Type) / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of modified Longdan xiegan tang in the treatment of psoria-sis vulgaris(blood heat type). METHODS:A total of 80 patients with psoriasis vulgaris(blood heat type)were randomly divided into control group(38 cases)and observation group(42 cases),other 30 healthy volunteers were included in healthy control group. Control group was given Xiaoyin tablet 1.6 g orally,3 times a day for 4 weeks. Observation group was given modified Longdan xiegan tang,400 mL after detected with water,1 h after breakfast and supper,7 d as a treatment course,for 4 courses. Clinical ef-ficacies and PASI score were observed before and after treatment. The levels of inflammatory factors(IL-1,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α), the expression of NF-κB protein and NF-κB gene were observed in observation group before and after treatment,and then were compared with healthy control group. The relationship of inflammatory factor levels with NF-κB protein expression in observation group before treatment,the relationship of PASI score with inflammatory factor and NF-κB expression were observed in observa-tion group before and after treatment,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:Total response rate of observation group(85.7%)was significantly higher than that of control group(52.6%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treat-ment,there was no statistical significance in PASI score between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,PASI score of 2 groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,with statis-tical significance (P<0.05). After treatment,The levels of IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α in observation group were significantly lower than before treatment,but there was no statistical significance with healthy control group(P>0.05);the expression of NF-κB protein and NF-κB gene in observation group were significantly higher than healthy control group,with statistical significance(P<0.01 or P<0.05). The levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were positively associated with the expression of NF-κB protein in observation group before treatment. The levels of IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α and the expression of NF-κB pro-tein were both positively associated with PASI score in observa-tion group before and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Modified Longdan xiegan tang show significant therapeutic efficacy for psoriasis vulgaris(blood heat type),can reduce PASI score,the levels of NF-κB protein expression and inflammatory factors.

Assessment of left ventricular f unction changes in patients with hyperuricemia by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective The aim of the present study is to measure multi-directional strain in patients with hyperuricemia through 3-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) in order to investigate the left ventricular function early changes and clinical application value of 3D-STE. Methods 3-dimension dynamic images of left ventricular full volume in Apical 4-chamber heart view was collected and stored. 3-dimensional specke-tracking technology was applied to measure and compare the left ventricular multi-directional strain of patients with hyperuricemia and healthy controls in order to evaluate the left ventricular systolic function. Results A total of 24 healthy controls and 38 patients with hyperuricemia were included into the study. Among them,patients with hyperuricemia were divided into simple hyperuricemia group(n=12), hyperuricemia complicated with hyperlipidemia group (n=16)and hyperuricemia complicated with both hyper-tension and hyperlipidemia group (n=10). The circumferential strain [(-18.8±4.4)% vs (-25.9±6.4)%, t=-3.48, P=0.001] and area strain [(-31.2±3.9)% vs (-36.8±7.1)%, t=-2.55, P=0.018] of patients with simple hyper-uricemia significantly decreased compared with healthy controls. Besides, the circumferential strain [(-19.9 ± 5.8)% vs (-25.9 ±6.4)%, t=-3.02, P=0.002], longitudinal strain [(-12.6 ±3.3)% vs (-14.4 ±2.5)%, t=-1.95, P=0.038] and area strain [(-29.9±6.6)% vs (-25.9±6.4)%, t=-3.15, P=0.001] of patients with hyperuricemia complicated with hyperlipidemia significantly decreased compared with healthy controls. Conclusion Myo-cardial strain of patients with hyperuricemia complicated with hyperlipidemia or not is both decreased, indicating a decline in left ventricular systolic function.

Clinical study of carotid artery contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in evaluating the activity of Takayasu's disease / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To observe the morphological changes of carotid artery wall by ultrasonography in patients with Takayasu arteritis,and to evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for active Takayasu arteritis.Methods High-frequency ultrasound technique was used to analyze the morphological changes of the carotid artery in 40 patients.NIH score was used as the gold standard and the complete clinical data and acute phase reactors were recorded.T test,Chi-square test,sensitivity and specificity were calculated for statistical analysis.Results The thickness of carotid artery wall in active group was much more thickened than the non-active group [(2.2±0.6) mm vs (1.8±0.5) mm,t=-2.142,P＜0.05].The CDD [(0.89±0.06) in active group vs (0.95±0.03) in non-active group,t=3.683,P＜0.01] and RDD [(0.17±0.06 in active group vs (0.09±0.05) in non-active group,t=-4.020,P＜0.01] were significantly different between the two groups.The distribution of neovascularization in the carotid artery wall of the active group was more diffuse in the central part of the wall.The sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to diagnose the active of Takayasu arteritis were 72.7％ and 87.5％ respectively,and the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 80.0％ and 82.4％ respectively.Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can be used as an effective way to assess the disease activity of TA patients.

CTA and fundus imaging in observation of relationship between internal carotid artery stenosis and retinal vascular calibers / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To analyze the relationship between internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and ipsilateral retinal vascular calibers,and to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of changes of retinal vascular calibers for assessment of ICA stenosis.Methods Unilateral ICA and ipsilateral retinal vascular of 243 patients were enrolled based on CTA and fundus imaging.Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the highest ICA stenosis rate (Rmax),i.e.no stenosis group,mild stenosis group,moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group.The differences of retinal vascular calibers among four groups and correlation between retinal vascular calibers and ICA stenosis were analyzed.Results The average central retinal vein equivalents (CRVE) in moderate ICA stenosis group and severe stenosis group were significantly wider than those in the other two groups (all P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance of central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE) nor retinal arteriolar-to-venular ratio (AVR) among groups (both P＞0.05).Rmax was positively correlated with CRVE (r=0.27,P＜0.01) and negatively correlated with AVR (r=-0.16,P＜0.05),whereas Rmax had no correlation with CRAE (P＞0.05).CRVE was the impact factor of ipsilateral Rmax (B=0.243,P＜0.01),but the adjusted R2 of the model was weak (0.173).Area under the ROC curve of CRVE was 0.619 in assessing ICA moderate and severe stenosis,and taking threshold as 229.5μm,the sensitivity and specificity was 80.3％ and 40.1％,respectively.Conclusion CRVE can assess and predict ICA stenosis to some extent,but the diagnosis efficacy is limited.

Imatinib mesylate therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia:long-term out-come from a single center in China / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:Imatinib is extensively used as a first-line therapeutic agent for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) at the chronic phase (CP). Although CML patients undergoing imatinib treatment are enrolled mainly in the Glivec International Patient Assistance Program (GIPAP) in China since 2003, limited data have been reported on the long-term outcome of these patients. This study aims to compare the treatment response and prognosis of CML-CP patients who received different treatments from January 2003 to December 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Methods:A total of 295 patients were enrolled, includ-ing 185, 30, 50, and 30 patients for imatinib, interferon-alpha (IFN-α) plus Ara-C, hydroxycarbamide (HU), or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) treatments, respectively. Results:Patients in imatinib and Allo-HSCT groups achieved excellent complete hematologic remission (CHR) (i.e., 96.7%vs. 96.7%), complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) (i.e., 89.7%vs. 93.3%), and com-plete molecular remission (CMoR) (i.e., 49.7%vs. 83.3%, P=0.001). However, significantly low rates of CHR, CCyR, McyR, and CMoR were observed in IFN-αand HU groups. Moreover, patients from imatinib group showed longer overall survival (OS) time than patients from other groups (P<0.001), even patients in Allo-HSCT group (10-year OS, 89.0%vs. 67.0%, P<0.001) because of high risk of Allo-HSCT-related complication. Multivariate analysis showed that receiving imatinib treatment (HR=5.267, 95%CI:1.054-1.940, P=0.022) and achieving CCyR (HR=9.541, 95%CI:1.692-10.513, P=0.002) were independent predictors for OS. Conclusion:Imatinib treatment may be an optimal first-line choice for Chinese patients with CML-CP who have not received any previous treatments.

Study on hemostasis of Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge / 药学实践杂志

Objective To investigate the hemostatic effect of Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge .Methods Tail hemor‐rhage model in rats was preparation .Another model was established in liver and spleen hemorrhagic model of rabbits ,Beagle dog's abdominal aorta and liver were made .Hemostasis was performed with medical gauze ,gelatin sponge and Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge .The hemostatic effects were evaluated by total blood loss ,hemostatic time and histological observation . Observation of Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge change was completed to determine their degradation in the bodies .Results Rats tail hemorrhage was clamped ,after 1 min , Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge could effectively stop the bleeding .The Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge has good hemostatic effect of rats tail hemorrhage model compared to blank group(P<0 .01) . Compare with the gelatin sponge group ,the Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge could significantly shorten the liver and spleen bleeding time(P<0 .05) ,decrease the volume of the spleen bleeding(P<0 .05) and the liver bleeding(P<0 .01) ,in hemor‐rhagic model of rabbits .Compared with the gelatin sponge group ,Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge could more effectively stop the bleeding in the abdominal aorta and liver model of Beagle dogs (P<0 .05) .The Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge could be degraded in vivo .Histologic study revealed the Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge was no significant pathological change around the liver and spleen .Conclusion The Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge has good hemostatic effect .The hemostatic effect of Bletillastriata hemostatic sponge is better than gelatin sponge ,which could be a good topical hemostatic material .

The validation study of Chinese version of Sunnybrook of the facial nerve grading system / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective We have revised the Sunnybrook facial nerve grading system which has been widely recog?nized in the world to a Chinese version and verified its credibility and validity. Methods First we translated and edited the Sunnybrook facial nerve grading system using Chinese.Nine doctors, who were selected from different hospitals, then scored twice on the same video of 90 patients with facial nerve palsy using the Chinese version of the Sunnybrook facial nerve grading system and grading standard separately at one month interval. The consistency and the repeatability of the Chinese version of the Sunnybrook facial nerve grading system were evaluated. Results The Cronbach 's alpha value was 0.92 and the average coefficient of repeatability (CR) was 12.72, indicating that the Chinese version of the Sunny?brook facial nerve grading system had a high degree of internal consistency and repeatability. The ICC values on the as?sessment and evaluation for the internal measurement were 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. The scored results were compara?ble between doctors who were not familiar with this disease and those who were very familiar with the disease. The aver?age ICC was 0.97(95%CI:0.95~0.99). Conclusions The Sunnybrook facial nerve grading system has good reliability and consistency and hereby recommend Chinese doctors to use it.

"""Three-orientation"" medical talent cultivation mode and the construction of index system" / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study is based on the requirements of the construction of applied undergraduate colleges and development of excellent doctor education training pilot project of the ministry of education. The situation of higher medical education and the requirement of health career development are analyzed. The medical talents training mode of three oriented which is taking the post competency of medical students as the frame is constructed. This paper expounds the background proposed by training mode from the internal drive, external drive and project boosting. With the national education policy as the basis, the theoretical basis of the international advanced education teaching idea, theory and standard is explained. The connotation of the training mode is revealed by the humanistic quality education, professional quality training and physical and psychological quality cultivating. The evaluation strategy of clinical medical per-sonnel training standards, index system, the implementation approach and evaluation methods which have certain feasibility and timeliness is established.